BMW 7 jara enjini
Awọn akoonu
BMW 7-Series jẹ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ itunu, iṣelọpọ eyiti o bẹrẹ ni ọdun 1979 ati tẹsiwaju titi di Oṣu Kini ọdun 2019. Awọn ẹrọ 7 Series ti ṣe ọpọlọpọ awọn ayipada ni igba pipẹ ti iṣẹ, ṣugbọn ti fi idi ara wọn mulẹ bi awọn ẹya ti o gbẹkẹle, ti o ṣe idalare ero ti didara Jamani giga ati igbẹkẹle.
A finifini Akopọ ti sipo ti gbogbo awọn iran ti BMW 7-Series
A pato ẹya-ara ti BMW 7-Series enjini ni won nla iwọn didun, o kere ju meji liters. Ewo lakoko iṣiṣẹ de ipele igbasilẹ ti awọn liters 6,6, fun apẹẹrẹ, lori iyipada M760Li AT xDrive, isọdọtun ti iran 6th 2019. Ṣugbọn jẹ ki a bẹrẹ pẹlu ẹrọ akọkọ ti a fi sori ẹrọ lori iran akọkọ ti ẹya ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ yii, eyun M30B28.
M30V28 jẹ ẹya petirolu pẹlu iwọn didun ti 2788 cm3, pẹlu agbara ti o pọju ti 238 horsepower ati agbara epo ti o to 16,5 liters fun 100 km. 6 cylinders pese iyipo ti 238 N * m ni 4000 rpm. O yẹ ki o ṣe alaye pe ẹrọ M30B28 tun ti fi sori ẹrọ lori awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ BMW akọkọ iran 5 Series, ati pe a mọ ni “milionu” ti o gbẹkẹle, ṣugbọn pẹlu agbara epo ti o ga julọ. Kini a le sọ ti awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ pẹlu awọn ẹrọ M30B28 tun wakọ lori awọn ọna wa?
Awoṣe nigbamii ti M80B30 engine gba ilosoke ti 200 cm3 ati 2 cylinders. Agbara wa laarin 238 horsepower ati agbara ti 15,1 liters ti AI-95 tabi AI-98 petirolu ti dinku diẹ. Gẹgẹbi ẹyọ M30B28, ẹrọ yii ti fi sori ẹrọ lori jara BMW karun ati pe a mọ ọ bi ọkan ninu awọn ẹrọ ti o gbẹkẹle julọ ni agbaye adaṣe.
Ṣugbọn BMW 7-Series restyling ti iran 6th ti Oṣu Kini ọdun 2019 ti ni ipese pẹlu ọpọlọpọ awọn ẹrọ, pẹlu Diesel B57B30TOP pẹlu turbocharging ibeji ati gbigba agbara epo ti 6,4 liters. Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ naa ndagba 400 horsepower ati iyipo ti 700 Nm ni 3000 rpm. Ati pe eyi jẹ ẹyọkan kan ti a fi sori ẹrọ lori atunṣe iran 6th, ni afikun si petirolu B48B20, Diesel N57D30 ati awọn ẹrọ miiran.
Finifini imọ abuda kan ti BMW 7-Series enjini
BMW 7-Series enjini, 1st iran, produced lati 1977 to 1983, bi daradara bi restyling ti awọn 1st iran (M30B35MAE pẹlu turbocharging):
| Ẹrọ awoṣe | M30B28 | M30B28LE | M30B30 | M30B33LE |
| Iwọn didun ṣiṣẹ | 2788 cm3 | 2788 cm3 | 2986 cm3 | 3210 cm3 |
| Power | 165-170 HP | 177-185 HP | 184-198 HP | 197-200 HP |
| Iyipo | 238 N * m ni 4000 rpm. | 240 N * m ni 4200 rpm. | 275 N * m ni 4000 rpm. | 285 N * m ni 4300 rpm. |
| Iru epo | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ |
| Lilo epo | 14-16,5 liters fun 100 km | 9,9-12,1 liters fun 100 km | 10,8-16,9 liters fun 100 km | 10,3-14,6 liters fun 100 km |
| Nọmba awọn silinda (iwọn ila opin silinda) | 6 (86 mm) | 6 (86 mm) | 6 (89 mm) | 6 (89 mm) |
| Nọmba ti falifu | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
Apa keji ti tabili:
| Ẹrọ awoṣe | M30B33 | M30B32LAE turbocharged | М30В35М | M30V35MAE turbocharged |
| Iwọn didun ṣiṣẹ | 3210 cm3 | 3210 cm3 | 3430 cm3 | 3430 cm3 |
| Power | 197 h.p. | 252 h.p. | 185-218 HP | 252 h.p. |
| Iyipo | 285 N * m ni 4350 rpm. | 380 N * m ni 4000 rpm. | 310 N * m ni 4000 rpm. | 380 N * m ni 2200 rpm. |
| Iru epo | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ |
| Lilo epo | 11,5-12,7 liters fun 100 km | 13,7-15,6 liters fun 100 km | 8,8-14,8 liters fun 100 km | 11,8-13,7 liters fun 100 km |
| Nọmba awọn silinda (iwọn ila opin silinda) | 6 (89 mm) | 6 (89 mm) | 6 (92 mm) | 6 (92 mm) |
| Nọmba ti falifu | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
Awọn ẹrọ BMW 7-Series, iran keji, ti a ṣe lati 2 si 1986:
| Ẹrọ awoṣe | M60B30 | M30B35LE | M60B40 | M70B50 |
| Iwọn didun ṣiṣẹ | 2997 cm3 | 3430 cm3 | 3982 cm3 | 4988 cm3 |
| Power | 218-238 HP | 211-220 HP | 286 h.p. | 299-300 HP |
| Iyipo | 290 N * m ni 4500 rpm. | 375 N * m ni 4000 rpm. | 400 N * m ni 4500 rpm. | 450 N * m ni 4100 rpm. |
| Iru epo | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ |
| Lilo epo | 8,9-15,1 liters fun 100 km | 11,4-12,1 liters fun 100 km | 9,9-17,1 liters fun 100 km | 12,9-13,6 liters fun 100 km |
| Nọmba awọn silinda (iwọn ila opin silinda) | 8 (84 mm) | 6 (92 mm) | 8 (89 mm) | 12 (84 mm) |
| Nọmba ti falifu | 32 | 12 | 32 | 24 |
Awọn ẹrọ BMW 7-Series, iran keji, ti a ṣe lati 3 si 1994:
| Ẹrọ awoṣe | M73B54 |
| Iwọn didun ṣiṣẹ | 5379 cm3 |
| Power | 326 h.p. |
| Iyipo | 490 N * m ni 3900 rpm. |
| Iru epo | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ |
| Lilo epo | 10,3-16,8 liters fun 100 km |
| Nọmba awọn silinda (iwọn ila opin silinda) | 12 (85 mm) |
| Nọmba ti falifu | 24 |
BMW 7-Series enjini, 4th iran (restyling), produced lati 2005 to 2008:
| Ẹrọ awoṣe | M57D30TU2 | N52B30 | N62B40 | M67D44 twin turbocharged | M62B48 | N73B60 |
| Iwọn didun ṣiṣẹ | 2993 cm3 | 2996 cm3 | 4000 cm3 | 4423 cm3 | 4799 cm3 | 5972 cm3 |
| Power | 197-355 HP | 218-272 HP | 306 h.p. | 329 h.p. | 355-367 HP | 445 h.p. |
| Iyipo | 580 N * m ni 2250 rpm. | 315 N * m ni 2750 rpm. | 390 N * m ni 3500 rpm. | 7,500 N * m ni 2500 rpm. | 500 N * m ni 3500 rpm. | 600 N * m ni 3950 rpm. |
| Iru epo | Epo Diesel | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Epo Diesel | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ |
| Lilo epo | 6,9-9,0 liters fun 100 km | 7,9-11,7 liters fun 100 km | 11,2 liters fun 100 km | 9 liters fun 100 km | 10,7-13,5 liters fun 100 km | 13,6 liters fun 100 km |
| Nọmba awọn silinda (iwọn ila opin silinda) | 6 (84 mm) | 6 (85 mm) | 8 (87 mm) | 8 (87 mm) | 8 (93 mm) | 12 (89 mm) |
| Nọmba ti falifu | 24 | 24 | 32 | 32 | 32 | 48 |
Awọn ẹrọ BMW 7-Series, iran keji, ti a ṣe lati 5 si 2008:
| Ẹrọ awoṣe | N54B30 twin turbocharged | N57D30OL turbocharged | N57D30TOP twin turbocharged | N63B44 twin turbocharged | N74B60 twin turbocharged |
| Iwọn didun ṣiṣẹ | 2979 cm3 | 2993 cm3 | 2993 cm3 | 4395 cm3 | 5972 cm3 |
| Power | 306-340 HP | 245-258 HP | 306-381 HP | 400-462 HP | 535-544 HP |
| Iyipo | 450 N * m ni 4500 rpm. | 560 N * m ni 3000 rpm. | 740 N * m ni 2000 rpm. | 700 N * m ni 4500 rpm. | 750 N * m ni 1750 rpm. |
| Iru epo | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Epo Diesel | Epo Diesel | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ |
| Lilo epo | 9,9-10,4 liters fun 100 km | 5,6-7,4 liters fun 100 km | 5,9-7,5 liters fun 100 km | 8,9-13,8 liters fun 100 km | 12,9-13,0 liters fun 100 km |
| Nọmba awọn silinda (iwọn ila opin silinda) | 6 (84 mm) | 6 (84 mm) | 6 (84 mm) | 8 (89 mm) | 12 (89 mm) |
| Nọmba ti falifu | 24 | 24 | 24 | 32 | 48 |
BMW 7-Series enjini, 5th iran (restyling), produced lati 2012 to 2015:
| Ẹrọ awoṣe | N55B30 twin turbocharged | N57S turbocharged |
| Iwọn didun ṣiṣẹ | 2979 cm3 | 2933 cm3 |
| Power | 300-360 HP | 381 h.p. |
| Iyipo | 465 N * m ni 5250 rpm. | 740 N * m ni 3000 rpm. |
| Iru epo | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Epo Diesel |
| Lilo epo | 6,8-12,1 liters fun 100 km | 6,4-7,7 liters fun 100 km |
| Nọmba awọn silinda (iwọn ila opin silinda) | 4 (84 mm) | 6 (84 mm) |
| Nọmba ti falifu | 16 | 24 |
Awọn ẹrọ BMW 7-Series, iran keji, ti a ṣe lati 6 si 2015:
| Ẹrọ awoṣe | B48B20 turbocharged | N57D30 | B57D30 | B57B30TOP twin turbocharged | B58B30MO | N63B44TU |
| Iwọn didun ṣiṣẹ | 1998 cm3 | 2993 cm3 | 2993 cm3 | 2993 cm3 | 2998 cm3 | 4395 cm3 |
| Power | 184-258 HP | 204-313 HP | 249-400 HP | 400 h.p. | 286-340 HP | 449-530 HP |
| Iyipo | 400 N * m ni 4500 rpm. | 560 N * m ni 3000 rpm. | 760 N * m ni 3000 rpm. | 760 N * m ni 3000 rpm. | 450 N * m ni 5200 rpm. | 750 N * m ni 4600 rpm. |
| Iru epo | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Epo Diesel | Epo Diesel | Epo Diesel | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ | Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ |
| Lilo epo | 2,5-7,8 liters fun 100 km | 5,6-7,4 liters fun 100 km | 5,7-7,3 liters fun 100 km | 5,9-6,4 liters fun 100 km | 2,8-9,5 liters fun 100 km | 8,6-10,2 liters fun 100 km |
| Nọmba awọn silinda (iwọn ila opin silinda) | 4 (82 mm) | 6 (84 mm) | 6 (84 mm) | 6 (84 mm) | 6 (82 mm) | 8 (89 mm) |
| Nọmba ti falifu | 16 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 32 |
Wọpọ awọn iṣoro pẹlu BMW 7-Series enjini
BMW jẹ awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti o ni awọn ẹrọ "milionu-dola", ṣugbọn awọn iṣoro kan yoo tẹle awọn oniwun iru awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ni gbogbo akoko iṣẹ. Nitorinaa, o jẹ dandan lati mura silẹ fun wọn tabi kilọ ni ilosiwaju nipasẹ ṣiṣe itọju didara ni akoko ati lilo awọn ohun elo gbowolori nikan.
- Awọn ẹrọ ijona inu inu Silinder mẹfa ti 7 Series pẹlu iwọn “kekere” kan (M30B28, M30B28LE ati gbogbo awọn awoṣe pẹlu iṣẹ ṣiṣe to 3000 cm3) ni a gba pe o jẹ itẹwọgba julọ ati lọ daradara pẹlu awọn ara BMW nla. Apapo iwọn ti agbara ati iyara ni atilẹyin nipasẹ idiyele deedee fun itọju ati atunṣe. Iṣoro nikan: iṣakoso iwọn otutu ti o muna.
Awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ wọnyi jẹ iwọn si awọn iyipada iwọn otutu, nitorinaa o jẹ pataki nigbagbogbo lati san ifojusi si ipo ti eto itutu agbaiye. Lilo antifreeze didara kekere tabi antifreeze yoo yorisi kii ṣe si igbona nikan, ṣugbọn si ibajẹ ti o ṣeeṣe si fifa soke tabi ori silinda. Nipa ọna, awọn ifasoke ni awọn awoṣe pẹlu iwọn didun ti o to 3000 cm3 ko tọ.
- Mejeeji petirolu ati awọn ẹya Diesel ti 7 Series nigbagbogbo dagbasoke awọn smudges epo lẹhin 300000 km. Eyi kan diẹ sii si awọn ẹrọ ijona inu pẹlu iwọn didun ti o to 3000 cm3. Awọn idi: o-oruka àlẹmọ epo, gasiketi ori silinda tabi awọn edidi crankshaft. Ati pe ti iṣoro akọkọ ba jẹ ilamẹjọ lati ṣatunṣe, lẹhinna awọn meji miiran le jẹ penny lẹwa kan.
- Awọn sipo M30B33LE, M30B33, M30B32LAE, M30B35M, M30B35MAE ati M30B35LE yato si miiran ti abẹnu ijona enjini nipasẹ wọn exorbitant epo yanilenu. Eto epo nilo awọn iwadii igbagbogbo ati awọn iyipada epo nigbagbogbo. O dara lati lo awọn lubricants gbowolori, bibẹẹkọ ina ojiji lojiji lori itọka titẹ kekere ninu eto epo yoo jẹ ki a pe ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ gbigbe kan.
- N74B60, N73B60, M70B50 ati M73B54 ni o wa enjini pẹlu 12 ṣiṣẹ gbọrọ ti yoo di a gidi orififo fun BMW 7 Series onihun. Kọọkan iru kuro ni o ni meji idana awọn ọna šiše ati meji Iṣakoso awọn ọna šiše. 2 afikun awọn ọna šiše - 2 igba diẹ isoro. A le sọ pe ẹrọ 12-cylinder jẹ awọn ẹrọ 6-cylinder meji, ati awọn idiyele fun itọju ati atunṣe rẹ ni ibamu.
Iṣoro pataki miiran wa pẹlu gbogbo awọn awoṣe ẹrọ ijona inu BMW 7 Series: aini ti didara giga ati awọn rirọpo ti o tọ fun awọn ẹya atilẹba. Awọn apakan lati ọja Kannada tabi Koria yoo jẹ idaji bi Elo (eyiti kii ṣe nigbagbogbo tumọ si iye kekere) ṣugbọn o le ṣiṣe ni oṣu diẹ nikan. Ni ọran yii, igbagbogbo ko si iṣeduro; rira apakan rirọpo fun ẹrọ German kan yipada si ere ti roulette.
Ti o dara ju ati buru enjini ti BMW 7 Series
Ni eyikeyi awoṣe ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ, awọn atunto aṣeyọri wa ati kii ṣe awọn aṣeyọri patapata. Yi Erongba ti ko sa asala BMW 7 Series, gbogbo iran ti eyi ti han wọn abawọn lori 40 ọdun ti isẹ.
A mọ M60B40 gẹgẹbi ẹyọkan ti o dara julọ ti gbogbo awọn iran ti BMW 7 Series; o jẹ iṣẹ-ọnà gidi kan, ti a ṣe apẹrẹ nipasẹ ọwọ awọn onimọ-ẹrọ Jamani. Enjini silinda mẹjọ pẹlu iṣipopada ti 3900 cm3, ti o ni ipese pẹlu turbocharging meji, fihan awọn abuda iyara giga ati igbesi aye iṣẹ pipẹ. Laanu, iṣelọpọ awọn ẹrọ wọnyi duro ni 3500 ati atunṣe iru awọn ẹya loni yoo jẹ idaji iye owo ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ naa.
N57D30OL ati N57D30TOP jẹ awọn ẹrọ ijona inu Diesel itẹwọgba, ti ko gbowolori lati ṣetọju, pẹlu agbara idana ti o ni iwọntunwọnsi. Ti so pọ pẹlu apoti jia adaṣe, ẹrọ yii ṣe afihan agbara iyalẹnu. Ẹya paati nikan ti ko tọ bi ẹrọ ijona inu ni turbocharger. Ti turbine ba kuna ati pe ko le ṣe atunṣe nigbagbogbo, rọpo rẹ yoo jẹ iye owo oniwun ni Penny lẹwa kan.
Ksk ni itọkasi loke, awọn ẹya mejila-cylinder ni a gba pe o ni iṣoro julọ, paapaa N74B60 ati N73B60. Awọn iṣoro igbagbogbo pẹlu awọn eto idana, awọn atunṣe gbowolori pupọ, agbara epo ti o pọ ju - eyi jẹ atokọ kukuru kan ti awọn aiṣedeede irora ti o kere ju ti o duro de awọn oniwun ti BMW 7 Series pẹlu awọn ẹrọ ijona inu-cylinder mejila. Iṣoro ọtọtọ ni agbara epo nla, ati fifi awọn ohun elo gaasi sori German kan yoo ṣafikun si orififo rẹ nikan.
Yiyan nigbagbogbo wa pẹlu olumulo, ṣugbọn o le loye lẹsẹkẹsẹ pe BMW 7 Series kii ṣe fun gbogbo eniyan.
