Volkswagen Golf enjini
Awọn akoonu
Gbogbo ile-iṣẹ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ pataki ni awoṣe ti o nṣiṣẹ bi okun pupa nipasẹ gbogbo akoko ti iṣelọpọ ami iyasọtọ naa, ti o bori ibowo ti awọn alamọja ati ifẹ ti awọn olumulo lasan. Iru ẹrọ bẹẹ jẹ iru ilẹ idanwo fun awọn apẹẹrẹ, awọn onimọ-ẹrọ ati awọn alamọja ọgbin agbara. Ni Volkswagen AG, ọlá ti di “itanna” igba pipẹ ti ọja ṣubu si ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ Golfu.
Itan awoṣe
Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ Golf akọkọ, eyiti o yiyi kuro ni laini iṣelọpọ ni ọdun 1974, ni a fun ni orukọ lẹhin ṣiṣan Gulf gbigbona, eyiti o wẹ gbogbo eti okun ti kọnputa Yuroopu. Nitorina awọn apẹẹrẹ fẹ lati tẹnumọ ifẹ lati ṣẹda ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ kan ti yoo di ayanfẹ fun Old Europe, eyiti o n gbiyanju fun iṣọkan. Wọn ṣaṣeyọri ti o wuyi: nipa awọn ẹda miliọnu 26 ti yiyi kuro ni awọn laini apejọ ti awọn ile-iṣẹ VW.
Ni akoko kanna, wọn ko gbero lati da iṣelọpọ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ duro, ẹda akọkọ ti eyiti o gba orukọ imọ-ẹrọ “Tur-17”: ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ naa jẹ olokiki laarin awọn ara ilu Yuroopu arin. Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ naa ti gba ọpọlọpọ awọn ami-ẹri olokiki ni awọn iṣafihan mọto olokiki julọ ni agbaye. Pipin ni Golfu iran keje ti a pe ni Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ Agbaye ti Odun (WCOTY) ni ọdun 2013.
Eyi ni bii imugboroja ilana ti ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ Golf eniyan Jamani ti ṣii ni awọn opopona Yuroopu.
Iran 1st: 1974-1993 (Mk.1)
Ni igba akọkọ ti Golfu hatchbacks ní kekere mefa, iwaju-kẹkẹ drive ati ki o kan 1,1-lita ti abẹnu ijona engine (FA) pẹlu 50 hp. Ojuse fun fifun epo ni a yàn si ẹrọ atijọ nipasẹ awọn iṣedede ode oni - carburetor. Ẹya Diesel ti o jọra (koodu ile-iṣẹ CK) ọdun kan ati idaji lẹhin ibẹrẹ ti iṣelọpọ ti awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ akọkọ. Lapapọ kaakiri ti jara akọkọ ti awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ Golfu jẹ awọn ẹya miliọnu 6,7. Ni Orile-ede South Africa, awọn ile-ẹnu mẹta Mk.1 hatchbacks ni a pejọ titi di ọdun 2008.
Iran keji: 2-1983 (Mk.1992)
Lẹhin ti o ṣe ayẹwo ipa eto-ọrọ lati tita jara akọkọ ti “Tour-17”, iṣakoso ti Volkswagen AG tẹlẹ ni ọdun 10 lẹhinna bẹrẹ iṣelọpọ ti ẹya imudojuiwọn ti Golfu. Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ naa, ni afikun si awọn iwọn ti o pọju diẹ sii, gba nọmba awọn imotuntun - eto idaduro titiipa, idari agbara, ati kọnputa lori ọkọ. Yi jara debuted gbogbo kẹkẹ Synchro G60 pẹlu a 1,8-lita GU (GX) enjini producing 160 hp.
Iran keji: 3-1991 (Mk.2002)
Lekan si, VW Enginners ko yapa lati atọwọdọwọ, gbesita kẹta Golf jara ni 1991, ti o ni, odun kan ṣaaju ki awọn osise opin ijọ ti Mk.2 paati. Awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ pẹlu iwọn iṣẹ ti 1,4-2,9 liters. ti fi sori ẹrọ labẹ awọn hoods ti awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti awọn iyatọ mẹta: hatchback, ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ibudo ati iyipada. Abajade ti ọdun mẹwa ti iṣelọpọ awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti jara kẹta jẹ awọn adakọ miliọnu 5.
Iran keji: 4-1997 (Mk.2010)
Ohun fere mẹrin-odun Bireki ni tẹlentẹle gbóògì ti awọn Golfu ti fẹ soke awọn European ati ki o American ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ awọn ọja: ni 1997, Mk.4 ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ han ni ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ showrooms ni a patapata titun oniru, lai didasilẹ igun, pẹlu ohun inu ilohunsoke a la Passat ati a orisirisi ṣeto ti agbara eweko. Abẹrẹ epo taara-igbalode ti di ibigbogbo. Ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti o lagbara julọ ninu jara jẹ awakọ gbogbo-lita 3,2 R32 pẹlu apoti jia ti a yan tẹlẹ DSG.
Iran keji: 5-2003 (Mk.2009)
Nigbamii ti, 5th iran ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti a ṣe fun ọdun mẹfa. Awọn aṣayan ara: hatchback ati ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ibudo. Golf Plus iwọn didun ẹyọkan ti tu silẹ ni akoko kanna, ṣugbọn o jẹ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti o ni ominira patapata, ti o yẹ fun itan iṣelọpọ rẹ. Lara awọn imotuntun imọ-ẹrọ ti akoko yẹn ni idaduro ọna asopọ pupọ, ara kan pẹlu rigidity pọ si nipasẹ 80% ni akawe si jara iṣaaju, ati lilo awọn ohun elo agbara ti o da lori awọn ẹrọ TSI ati FSI.
Iran keji: 6-2009 (Mk.2012)
Apẹrẹ ti jara tuntun ti awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ni a fi le Walter da Silva. Onimọ-ẹrọ abinibi ti dojukọ lori yiyipada awọn paramita ati awọn eto ti awọn ẹrọ, ni gbogbogbo, nlọ awọn iṣiro jiometirika ti iran 5th Golf ko yipada. Si awọn apoti jia adaṣe ati adaṣe, awọn ẹya yiyan gẹgẹbi DSG ati ultra-igbalode, awọn roboti ti ṣafikun ni ọpọlọpọ lọpọlọpọ. Ni akoko yii, ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti o lagbara julọ, Golf R, ti tu silẹ, engine ti eyiti a yoo sọrọ nipa ni isalẹ.
Iran keji: 7-2012 (Mk.2018)
Igbesi aye Golf Volkswagen ti ode oni ni awọn hatchbacks marun-un pẹlu 125 tabi 150-horsepower 1,4-lita turbocharged enjini fun ọja Russia. Ni Yuroopu ati AMẸRIKA, ibiti awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti pọ si: awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ibudo pẹlu arabara, Diesel tabi awọn ohun elo ina-gbogbo ti wa ni tita nibẹ. Wiwo igbalode ti Golfu tun ṣẹda nipasẹ Walter da Silva. Ifọwọkan ti aratuntun ti ṣafikun si lile naa. Bi o ṣe le gboju, aṣa ere idaraya ode oni bori ninu wọn. A ṣe ẹrọ naa bi iwuwo fẹẹrẹ bi o ti ṣee ṣe ọpẹ si ipilẹ MQB tuntun. Ni ẹhin, awọn onimọ-ẹrọ nfunni ni “nkan” pipe: tan ina torsion tabi aṣayan ọna asopọ pupọ. Ni ipari, yiyan ti idadoro da lori agbara ọgbin agbara ati aṣa awakọ.
8. iran: 2019-bayi (Mk.8)
Gbogbo pataki igbalode awọn ọna šiše ni o wa tun bayi ni Golf Mk.8. Ni afikun si iṣakoso ọkọ oju omi aṣamubadọgba, eto kamẹra gbogbo-yika, agbara lati ṣe idanimọ awọn ami opopona ati awọn isamisi, a ti ṣafikun idari agbara ina. Lati Passat, ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ tuntun gba Eto Irin-ajo Iranlọwọ ologbele-adase eto awakọ.
Fun igba akọkọ, boṣewa Car2X han lori awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ Volkswagen. Lilo rẹ, o le ṣe paṣipaarọ alaye pẹlu awọn ọkọ ti o wa laarin radius ti o to 0,8 km. Pẹlu awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ 24 ẹgbẹrun kẹjọ ti wọn ta lati Oṣu kejila ọdun 2019, Golf padanu ipo rẹ bi ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti o ta julọ julọ ni Yuroopu nikan ni ibẹrẹ ọdun 2020: o ti kọja nipasẹ iran tuntun Renault Clio.
Enjini fun Volkswagen Golfu
Ni akọkọ ti o farahan ni awọn ọna opopona Yuroopu ni ọdun 1974, Volkswagen Golf di ile-iṣẹ idanwo gidi fun awọn onimọ-ẹrọ ti ipin idasi ti ibakcdun naa. Ju ọdun 45 lọ, diẹ sii ju igba diesel ati awọn ile-iṣẹ agbara petirolu ti wa labẹ ibori ti awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti awọn apẹrẹ pupọ. Eyi jẹ iru igbasilẹ kan: ko si adaṣe adaṣe miiran ti yan awoṣe kan ni ipa ti ipilẹ esiperimenta apẹrẹ.
Ọpọlọpọ awọn ohun ọgbin agbara fun Golfu ni atokọ ni isalẹ pe, ni ilodi si aṣa ti ko pin awọn agbegbe pinpin ti awọn ẹrọ, ni akoko yii, lati yago fun iporuru, o jẹ dandan lati tọka data imọ-ẹrọ lọtọ ti awọn ohun elo agbara fun Russian oja ati awọn ti onra ni Europe / America. Nitorinaa, awọn atunwi ti awọn koodu ile-iṣẹ ṣee ṣe ni awọn ẹya meji ti tabili.
| Siṣamisi | Iru | Iwọn didun, cm3 | O pọju agbara, kW / hp | Eto ipese |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FA, DD | epo petirolu | 1093 | 37/50 | OHC, carburetor |
| FH, FD | -: - | 1471 | 51/70 | OHC, carburetor |
| CK | Diesel | 1471 | 37/50 | OHC |
| FP | epo petirolu | 1588 | 55/75, 74/101, 99/135 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| EG | -: - | 1588 | 81/110 | OHC, abẹrẹ ẹrọ |
| GF | -: - | 1272 | 44/60 | OHC, carburetor |
| JB | -: - | 1457 | 51/70 | OHC, carburetor |
| RE | -: - | 1595 | 53/72 | OHC, carburetor |
| EW | ||||
| EX | -: - | 1781 | 66 / 90, 71 / 97 | SOHC tabi OHC, carburetor |
| 2H | -: - | 3980 | 72/98, 76/103, 77/105, 85/115, | SOHC tabi OHC, carburetor |
| DX | -: - | 1781 | 82/112 | OHC, abẹrẹ ẹrọ |
| CR, JK | Diesel | 1588 | 40/54 | OHC |
| CY | Diesel turbocharged | 1588 | 51/70 | SOHC |
| HK, MH | epo petirolu | 1272 | 40/55 | OHC, carburetor |
| JP | Diesel | 1588 | 40/54 | abẹrẹ taara |
| JR | -: - | 1588 | 51/70 | abẹrẹ taara |
| VAG PN | epo petirolu | 1595 | 51/69 | OHC, carburetor |
| VAG RF | -: - | 1595 | 53/72 | OHC, carburetor |
| EZ | -: - | 1595 | 55/75 | OHC, carburetor |
| GU, GX | -: - | 1781 | 66/90 | OHC, carburetor |
| RD | -: - | 1781 | 79/107 | OHC, carburetor |
| VAG EV | -: - | 1595 | 55/75 | OHC, carburetor |
| PL | -: - | 1781 | 95/129 | DOHC, itanna abẹrẹ |
| KR | -: - | 1781 | 95/129, 100/136, 102/139 | abẹrẹ |
| NZ | -: - | 1272 | 40/55 | OHC, itanna abẹrẹ |
| RA, SB | Diesel turbocharged | 1588 | 59/80 | OHC |
| 1H | epo pẹlu konpireso | 1763 | 118/160 | OHC, itanna abẹrẹ |
| GX, RP | epo petirolu | 1781 | 66/90 | OHC, itanna abẹrẹ |
| 1P | -: - | 1781 | 72/98 | OHC, itanna abẹrẹ |
| PF | -: - | 1781 | 79/107 | abẹrẹ |
| PB | -: - | 1781 | 82/112 | abẹrẹ |
| PG | epo pẹlu konpireso | 1781 | 118/160 | OHC, itanna abẹrẹ |
| 3G | -: - | 1781 | 154/210 | DOHC, itanna abẹrẹ |
| ABD, AEX | epo petirolu | 1391 | 40 / 55, 44 / 60 | OHC |
| AEK | -: - | 1595 | 74 / 100, 74 / 101 | SOHC, abẹrẹ ibudo |
| AFT | -: - | 1595 | 74 / 100, 74 / 101 | SOHC, abẹrẹ ibudo |
| ABU | -: - | 1598 | 55/75 | OHC |
| AAM, ANN | -: - | 1781 | 55/75 | OHC, itanna abẹrẹ |
| ABS, ACC, ADZ, ANP | -: - | 1781 | 66/90 | OHC, abẹrẹ mono |
| AEF | Diesel | 1896 | 47/64 | OHC |
| AAZ | Diesel turbocharged | 1896 | 54 / 74, 55 / 75 | OHC |
| 1Z, AHU, Sugbon | -: - | 1896 | 47 / 64, 66 / 90 | Wọpọ Rail |
| AFN | -: - | 1896 | 81/110 | OHC abẹrẹ taara |
| 2E,ADY | epo petirolu | 1984 | 85/115 | DOHC tabi OHC, itanna abẹrẹ |
| FIKÚN | -: - | 1984 | 85/115 | SOHC, abẹrẹ ibudo |
| ABF | -: - | 1984 | 110/150 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| AAA | -: - | 2792 | 128/174 | OHC |
| ABV | -: - | 2861 | 135 / 184, 140 / 190 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| ACS | -: - | 1595 | 74/101 | OHC, itanna abẹrẹ |
| AWG, AWF | -: - | 1984 | 85/115 | OHC, itanna abẹrẹ |
| AHW, AKQ, APE, AXP, BCA | -: - | 1390 | 55/75 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| AEH, AKL, APF | turbocharged epo | 1595 | 74 / 100, 74 / 101 | DOHC tabi OHC, itanna abẹrẹ |
| AVU, BFQ | epo petirolu | 1595 | 75/102 | pin abẹrẹ |
| ATN, AUS, AZD, BCB | epo petirolu | 1595 | 77/105 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| buburu | -: - | 1598 | 81/110 | DOHC abẹrẹ taara |
| AGN, BAF | -: - | 1781 | 92/125 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| AGU, ARZ, AUM | turbocharged epo | 1781 | 110/150 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| AUQ | -: - | 1781 | 132/180 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| AGP, ACM | Diesel | 1896 | 50/68 | abẹrẹ taara |
| AGR | Diesel turbocharged | 1896 | 50 / 68, 66 / 90 | Wọpọ Rail |
| AXR, ATD | -: - | 1896 | 74/100 | pin abẹrẹ |
| AHF, ASV | -: - | 1896 | 81/110 | abẹrẹ taara |
| AJM, AUY | -: - | 1896 | 85/115 | abẹrẹ taara |
| ASZ | -: - | 1896 | 96/130 | Wọpọ Rail |
| ARL | -: - | 1896 | 110/150 | Wọpọ Rail |
| apk, AQY | epo petirolu | 1984 | 85 / 115, 85 / 116 | DOHC tabi OHC, multipoint abẹrẹ |
| AZH | -: - | 1984 | 85/115 | DOHC tabi OHC, multipoint abẹrẹ |
| AZJ | -: - | 1984 | 85/115 | OHC |
| AGZ | -: - | 2324 | 110/150 | DOHC tabi OHC, multipoint abẹrẹ |
| AQN | -: - | 2324 | 125/170 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| AQP, AUE, BDE | -: - | 2771 | 147 / 200, 150 / 204 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| BFH, BML | -: - | 3189 | 177/241 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| O dara | petirolu | 1984 | 75/102 | OHC, abẹrẹ ibudo |
| BCA | epo petirolu | 1390 | 55/75 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| BUD | -: - | 1390 | 59/80 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| BKG, BLN | -: - | 1390 | 66/90 | DOHC abẹrẹ taara |
| Apoti | turbocharged epo | 1390 | 90/122 | DOHC |
| ỌJỌ | -: - | 1390 | 103/140 | DOHC abẹrẹ taara |
| BLG | -: - | 1390 | 125/170 | DOHC abẹrẹ taara |
| BGU, BSE, BSF | epo petirolu | 1595 | 75/102 | OHC, abẹrẹ ibudo |
| BAG, BLF, BLP | -: - | 1598 | 85/115 | DOHC abẹrẹ taara |
| BRU, BXF, BXJ | Diesel turbocharged | 1896 | 66/90 | OHC, abẹrẹ ibudo |
| BKC, BLS, BXE | -: - | 1896 | 77/105 | Wọpọ Rail |
| BDK | -: - | 1968 | 55/75 | OHC, abẹrẹ ibudo |
| BKD | -: - | 1968 | 103/140 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| BMN | -: - | 1968 | 125/170 | Wọpọ Rail |
| AXW, BLR, BLX, BLY, BVX, BVY, BVZ | epo petirolu | 1984 | 110/150 | DOHC abẹrẹ taara |
| AXX, BPY, BWA, CAWB, CCTA | -: - | 1984 | 147/200 | DOHC abẹrẹ taara |
| BYD | -: - | 1984 | 169 / 230, 177 / 240 | DOHC abẹrẹ taara |
| BDB, BMJ, BUB, CBRA | -: - | 3189 | 184/250 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| CAVD | -: - | 1390 | 118/160 | DOHC |
| BLS, BXE | Diesel turbocharged | 1896 | 74 / 100, 77 / 105 | Wọpọ Rail |
| CBDB | -: - | 1968 | 77 / 105, 103 / 140 | Wọpọ Rail |
| CBZA | turbocharged epo | 1197 | 63/85 | OHC |
| CBZB | -: - | 1197 | 77/105 | OHC |
| CGGA | epo petirolu | 1390 | 59/80 | pin abẹrẹ |
| CCSA | -: - | 1595 | 72/105 | OHC, abẹrẹ ibudo |
| CAYB | Diesel turbocharged | 1598 | 66/90 | DOHC, Wọpọ Rail |
| CAYC | -: - | 1598 | 77/105 | Wọpọ Rail |
| CHGA | epo petirolu | 1595 | 72 / 98, 75 / 102 | DOHC tabi OHC, multipoint abẹrẹ |
| CBDC, CLCA, CUUA | Diesel turbocharged | 1968 | 81/110 | DOHC, Wọpọ Rail |
| CBAB, CFFB, CJAA, CFHC | -: - | 1968 | 103/140 | DOHC, Wọpọ Rail |
| CBBB, CFGB | -: - | 1968 | 125/170 | DOHC, Wọpọ Rail |
| CCZB | turbocharged epo | 1984 | 154 / 210, 155 / 211 | DOHC abẹrẹ taara |
| CDLG | -: - | 1984 | 173/235 | DOHC abẹrẹ taara |
| CDLF | -: - | 1984 | 199/270 | DOHC abẹrẹ taara |
| CJZB, CYVA | -: - | 1197 | 63/85 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CJZA | -: - | 1197 | 77/105 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CYB | -: - | 1197 | 81/110 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CMBA, CPVA | turbocharged epo | 1395 | 90/122 | abẹrẹ taara |
| Ọlá | -: - | 1395 | 92/125 | DOHC |
| CHEA, CHEA | -: - | 1395 | 110/150 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CLHB | Diesel turbocharged | 1598 | 66/90 | Wọpọ Rail |
| CLHA | -: - | 1598 | 77/105 | Wọpọ Rail |
| IJO | -: - | 1598 | 81/110, 85/115, 85/116 | Wọpọ Rail |
| CRBC, CRLB | -: - | 1968 | 110/150 | Wọpọ Rail |
| JORO | Diesel turbocharged | 1968 | 135/184 | Wọpọ Rail |
| CHZD | turbocharged epo | 999 | 81/110, 85/115, 85/116 | abẹrẹ taara |
| VINEGAR, CXSA | epo petirolu | 1395 | 90/122 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CJXE | turbocharged epo | 1984 | 195/265 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CDAA | -: - | 1798 | 118 / 160, 125 / 170 | DOHC |
| CRMB, DCYA, Tẹlẹ, CRLB | Diesel turbocharged | 1968 | 110/150 | Wọpọ Rail |
| CHHB | turbocharged epo | 1984 | 154/210, 162/220, 168/228 | DOHC |
| CHHA | -: - | 1984 | 162 / 220, 169 / 230 | pin abẹrẹ |
| CJXC | -: - | 1984 | 215 / 292, 221 / 300 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CHPA, CPTA | -: - | 1395 | 103 / 140, 108 / 147 | multipoint abẹrẹ |
| DLBA | -: - | 1984 | 168 / 228, 180 / 245 | abẹrẹ taara |
| ỌJỌ | -: - | 1984 | 212 / 288, 221 / 300 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CJXG, DJHA | -: - | 1984 | 215 / 292, 228 / 310 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CHZK | -: - | 999 | 63/85 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CHZC | -: - | 999 | 81/110 | pin abẹrẹ |
| DDYA | Diesel turbocharged | 1598 | 85 / 115, 85 / 116 | Wọpọ Rail |
| CRMB, DCYA, Tẹlẹ, CRLB | -: - | 1968 | 110/150 | Wọpọ Rail |
| CPWA | gaasi-petirolu pẹlu turbocharging | 1395 | 81/110 | abẹrẹ taara |
| DACA | turbocharged epo | 1498 | 96/130 | abẹrẹ taara |
| DKRF | -: - | 999 | 85 / 115, 85 / 116 | abẹrẹ taara |
| DADA | -: - | 1498 | 96 / 130, 110 / 150 | DOHC |
| DPCA | -: - | 1498 | 110/150 | abẹrẹ taara |
| DHFA | gaasi-petirolu pẹlu turbocharging | 1498 | 96/130 | abẹrẹ taara |
| AHW, AXP, AKQ, APE, BCA | epo petirolu | 1390 | 55/75 | pin abẹrẹ |
| AEH, AKL, APF | turbocharged epo | 1595 | 74 / 100, 74 / 101 | pin abẹrẹ |
| AVU, BFQ | epo petirolu | 1595 | 75/102 | pin abẹrẹ |
| AGN | -: - | 1781 | 92/125 | pin abẹrẹ |
| AGU, ARZ, AUM | turbocharged epo | 1781 | 110/150 | pin abẹrẹ |
| AGR | Diesel turbocharged | 1896 | 50 / 68, 66 / 90 | Wọpọ Rail |
| AHF, ASV | -: - | 1896 | 81/110 | abẹrẹ taara |
| AZJ | epo petirolu | 1984 | 85/115 | OHC |
| apk, AQY | -: - | 1984 | 85 / 115, 85 / 116 | pin abẹrẹ |
| AGZ | -: - | 2324 | 110/150 | pin abẹrẹ |
| AQP, AUE, BDE | -: - | 2771 | 147 / 200, 150 / 204 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| BGU, BSE, BSF | epo petirolu | 1595 | 75/102 | pin abẹrẹ |
| BAG, BLF, BLP | -: - | 1598 | 85/115 | abẹrẹ taara |
| BJB, BKC, BXE | Diesel turbocharged | 1896 | 77/105 | Wọpọ Rail |
| BKD | -: - | 1968 | 103/140 | pin abẹrẹ |
| AXW, BLR, BLX, BLY, BVY, BVZ, BVX, BMB | epo petirolu | 1984 | 110/150 | DOHC abẹrẹ taara |
| CBZA | turbocharged epo | 1197 | 63/85 | OHC |
| CBZB | -: - | 1197 | 77/105 | OHC |
| CGGA | epo petirolu | 1390 | 59/80 | DOHC, abẹrẹ ti a pin |
| Apoti | -: - | 1390 | 90/122 | DOHC |
| CAVD | -: - | 1390 | 118/160 | DOHC |
| CMXA, CCSA | -: - | 1595 | 75/102 | pin abẹrẹ |
| CAYC | Diesel turbocharged | 1598 | 77/105 | Wọpọ Rail |
| CLCA, CBDC | -: - | 1968 | 81/110 | Wọpọ Rail |
| CBAA, CBAB, CFFB | Diesel turbocharged | 1968 | 103/140 | Wọpọ Rail |
| CBBB, CFGB | -: - | 1968 | 125/170 | DOHC, abẹrẹ taara |
| CCZB | turbocharged epo | 1984 | 154 / 210, 155 / 211 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CDLG | -: - | 1984 | 173/235 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CRZA, CDLC | -: - | 1984 | 188/255 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CLCA | Diesel turbocharged | 1984 | 81/110 | Wọpọ Rail |
| CDLF | turbocharged epo | 1984 | 199/270 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CJZB, CYVA | -: - | 1197 | 63/85 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CJZA | -: - | 1197 | 77/105 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CMBA, CPVA, CUKA, CXCA | epo petirolu | 1395 | 90/122 | abẹrẹ taara |
| Ọlá | turbocharged epo | 1395 | 92/125 | DOHC |
| CHPA, CPTA | -: - | 1395 | 103 / 140, 108 / 147 | multipoint abẹrẹ |
| CHEA, CHEA | -: - | 1395 | 110/150 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CWVA | epo petirolu | 1598 | 81/110 | pin abẹrẹ |
| CHHB | turbocharged epo | 1984 | 154/210, 162/220, 168/228 | DOHC |
| CJXC | -: - | 1984 | 215 / 292, 221 / 300 | abẹrẹ taara |
| CJZA | -: - | 1197 | 77/105 | abẹrẹ taara |
Ṣiṣejade iru titobi nla ti awọn ohun elo agbara, nitorinaa, wa pẹlu awọn iṣẹlẹ pataki. Fun ọdun 45, Volkswagen Golf ti rii gbogbo awọn awọ ti ero apẹrẹ labẹ hood - lati inu awọn ẹrọ ijona inu carburetor ti aṣa si awọn ẹrọ iha meji-meji pẹlu awọn ọna abẹrẹ epo itanna. Ni ṣoki, nfihan awọn abuda imọ-ẹrọ akọkọ - nipa iru awọn ami-ami kọọkan.
Enjini FA (GG)
Ẹnjini akọkọ, ti a fi sori ẹrọ nipasẹ awọn onimọ-ẹrọ Volkswagen AG labẹ hood ti Tur-17, ni iṣipopada ti 1093 cm3. Lati mọ riri bi ẹrọ kekere ti wa ni Golf akọkọ, kan wo iyipo ti o pọju: o jẹ 77 Nm nikan, mẹfa si igba meje kere si awọn ẹrọ iṣipopada aarin ti ọdun mẹwa to kẹhin ti XNUMXth - ọdun mẹwa akọkọ ti ọrundun XNUMXst. .
Awọn ẹya miiran:
- ratio funmorawon - 8,0: 1;
- opin silinda - 69,5 mm;
- nọmba ti gbọrọ - 4;
- nọmba ti falifu - 8.
Iyara ti o pọju ti ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ti o ni ipese pẹlu ẹrọ FA (GG) jẹ 105 km / h.
Ẹrọ DX
Ni ọdun 1977, awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ Golfu iran 1 ti wọ ọja pẹlu ẹrọ tuntun kan pẹlu iyipada ti 1781 cm3 (agbara - 112 hp). O jẹ koodu ile-iṣẹ DX. Fun igba akọkọ, awọn onimọ-ẹrọ ara ilu Jamani lọ kuro ni lilo carburetor: ipese idana ninu eto agbara ni a ṣe nipasẹ injector ẹrọ.
- Wakọ akoko - jia;
- oriṣi ori - SOHC / OHC;
- iru itutu agbaiye - omi;
- ratio funmorawon - 10,0:1.
Idana ti a lo fun awọn enjini DX jẹ petirolu ti ko ni A95.
Enjini PL
Ni ọdun 1987, awọn akọle ẹrọ ṣe afihan iyalẹnu gidi si awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ Golfu iwaju-kẹkẹ ti iran keji: fun igba akọkọ, o ṣee ṣe lati pese ẹrọ kan pẹlu awọn camshafts meji pẹlu eto abẹrẹ idana itanna eletiriki igbalode sinu ọpọlọpọ gbigbe KE. -Jetronic.
Enjini epo ti o ni turbocharged ti ni ipese pẹlu ayase adijositabulu ipele mẹta.
In-ila 4-silinda engine pẹlu kan nipo ti 1781 cm3 produced 129 hp. Lati ṣe otitọ, o yẹ ki o ṣe akiyesi pe abẹrẹ itanna ko ni lilo pupọ lori awọn ẹrọ ti a fi sori ẹrọ ni awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ Golfu. Ni kiakia o ti rọpo nipasẹ eto abẹrẹ taara ti ọrọ-aje diẹ sii.
Awọn ẹrọ ti o lagbara julọ fun Volkswagen Golf
Agbara ti o ga julọ lori iduro, ati nigbamii lori awọn idanwo opopona (270 hp), ni idagbasoke nipasẹ awọn ile-ẹnu mẹtta gbogbo kẹkẹ Golf hatchbacks ti iran 6th Mk6 (2008) pẹlu gbigbe laifọwọyi. Gẹgẹbi ile-iṣẹ agbara, wọn lo awọn ẹrọ CDLF, ti a ṣe lati 2004 si 2014 ni ile-iṣẹ Audi ni Győr, Hungary.
Ẹrọ 2,0 TFSI ti jara EA113 pẹlu koodu ile-iṣẹ CDLF jẹ idagbasoke siwaju ti ipin ori ti jara, AXX ti o ni itara nipa ti ara (lẹhinna tọka si BYD). O jẹ in-ila 4-silinda 16-àtọwọdá engine pẹlu kan taara idana abẹrẹ eto. Awọn abuda akọkọ:
- silinda ohun elo Àkọsílẹ - simẹnti irin;
- ratio funmorawon - 10,5: 1;
- iwọn didun - 1984 cm3;
- iyipo ti o pọju - 350 Nm ni 3500 rpm;
- o pọju agbara - 270 hp
Pẹlu ẹrọ CDLF ti a fi sori ẹrọ labẹ iho, awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ gọọfu le ṣogo ti agbara idana iwọntunwọnsi:
- ninu ọgba - 12,6 l;
- ita ilu - 6,6 l;
- ni idapo - 8,8 lita.
Afẹfẹ afẹfẹ jẹ turbine KKK K03 pẹlu titẹ ti 0,9 igi. Awọn turbines K04 ti o lagbara diẹ sii ni a fi sori ẹrọ lori awọn ẹya aifwy ti hatchback.
Fun iṣẹ ẹrọ iduroṣinṣin, nipa 500 g / 1000 km ti 5W30 tabi 5W40 epo ni a nilo.
Lapapọ iwọn didun ti epo ninu engine jẹ 4,6 liters. Awọn aye iyipada epo ti a beere ni o kere ju lẹẹkan ni gbogbo 15 ẹgbẹrun km. maileji Aṣayan ti o dara julọ fun eto lati ṣiṣẹ ni lati yi epo pada lẹhin 8 ẹgbẹrun km. Ipele kikun epo boṣewa (ayafi fun akọkọ) jẹ 4,0 l.
Ẹrọ naa wa ni aṣeyọri tobẹẹ pe o ni aṣeyọri “ṣilọ” lati Golf kekere si awọn awoṣe Audi ti o lagbara (A1, S3 ati TTS), bakanna si ijoko Leon Cupra R ati Volkswagen Scirocco R. O jẹ akiyesi pe awọn apẹẹrẹ kọ lati bo bulọọki silinda pẹlu ori aluminiomu, ti o ṣe lati irin simẹnti. Ti a ṣe afiwe si awọn ẹrọ BYD, CDLF ti ni ipese pẹlu ẹya ti o yatọ ti ọpọlọpọ gbigbe, intercooler tuntun ati camshaft gbigbemi. Awọn ilọsiwaju miiran:
- siseto iwọntunwọnsi ori silinda pẹlu awọn ọpa iwọntunwọnsi meji;
- crankshaft pẹlu awọn ọga itẹramọṣẹ ti o nipọn;
- Awọn pistons ti wa ni apẹrẹ fun a kekere funmorawon ipin lilo fikun sisopọ ọpá.
Awọn engine ti wa ni ipese pẹlu eefun ti compensators ati ki o kan alakoso shifter ti fi sori ẹrọ lori gbigbemi ọpa. Awakọ akoko naa jẹ igbanu, pẹlu ilana rirọpo boṣewa ni gbogbo 90 ẹgbẹrun km.
Ni ibẹrẹ idagbasoke lati pade awọn ajohunše ayika ti Euro IV, ẹrọ naa ti yipada lakoko iṣẹ si ilana Euro V. Ipele ti o kere julọ ti awọn itujade CO2 jẹ 195-199 g/km. Awọn olupilẹṣẹ ko ti fi idi igbesi aye iṣẹ kan mulẹ fun mọto CDLF, ṣugbọn adaṣe o jẹ to 300 ẹgbẹrun km. Ẹrọ ti a ṣe atunṣe le ṣiṣẹ fun 250 ẹgbẹrun km laisi pipadanu igbesi aye iṣẹ, ati ni iṣẹ ti o pọju o le de ọdọ idaji milionu kan kilomita.
Ṣe o nilo paapaa agbara diẹ sii?
Ni ọdun 8 lẹhinna, ni ọdun 2016, awọn oye ti Volkswagen AG pinnu lati ṣe idanwo ti o nifẹ: o pinnu lati pese iran 6th awọn hatchbacks marun-un pẹlu awọn ẹrọ petirolu turbocharged ultra-1,9-lita ti jara EA888:
- CJXC - 292-300 hp;
- DNUE - 288-300 hp;
- CJXG (DJHA) - 292-310 л.с.
Bawo ni idalare ni fifi sori ẹrọ ti iru awọn ohun elo agbara ibanilẹru ni kekere, ni akawe si paapaa awọn sedans apapọ, awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ, ọkan le ṣe amoro nikan. Gbogbo awọn ẹrọ ti wa ni ipese pẹlu eto idana abẹrẹ taara.
Lilo ẹrọ CJXC gẹgẹbi apẹẹrẹ, o le rii bi awọn ẹlẹrọ ẹrọ ti ṣiṣẹ daradara lori awọn ẹda wọn ni awọn ofin ṣiṣe. Lilo epo:
- ninu ọgba - 9,1 l;
- ita ilu - 5,8 l;
- ni idapo - 7,0 lita.
Isalẹ ti ṣiṣe ni awọn iṣoro pẹlu aridaju titẹ deede. Awọn aiṣedeede akọkọ ninu iṣẹ ti awọn ẹrọ ti jara yii waye nitori idinku ninu titẹ epo ati awọn ailagbara ninu ẹrọ itanna fifa epo. Igbelaruge titẹ awọn olutọsọna brand V465 lẹhin 50 ẹgbẹrun km. maileji gbọdọ wa ni fara lẹẹkansi.
Nipa ọna, awọn oniṣọnà ti ṣe agbekalẹ awọn ohun elo ti n ṣatunṣe ẹrọ fun awọn ẹrọ wọnyi, eyiti o gba iṣẹ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ lati rọrun pupọ si airotẹlẹ patapata. Ṣe idajọ fun ara rẹ:
- agbara (ile-iṣẹ / lẹhin atunṣe) - 300/362 hp;
- iyipo (factory / lẹhin ti yiyi) - 380/455 Nm.
Ilọsi ninu awọn afihan iṣẹ ṣiṣe akọkọ ti awọn ẹrọ CJXC ati DNUE nipasẹ idamẹrin, ni akawe si awọn ti ile-iṣẹ, jẹ aṣeyọri nipasẹ fifi sori ẹrọ ipin ilosoke agbara adase. Lilo rẹ gba laaye:
- je ki awọn idana abẹrẹ ilana lai jijẹ igbelaruge titẹ;
- mu agbara pọ si nipa jijẹ iye akoko abẹrẹ.
Ẹka ilosoke agbara kii ṣe iyipada ni ibatan si eto itanna ẹrọ.
Iru awọn agbara agbara nla gba laaye awọn olupilẹṣẹ ẹrọ lati ma pese wọn pẹlu ẹrọ kan fun yiyipada iwọn didun ti awọn silinda: fun iran 7th Golfu, agbara ẹṣin 25 ko kan to, XNUMX% ti o dara jẹ ko wulo patapata nibi. Nitoribẹẹ, ti oniwun ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ ko ba jẹ olufẹ ti ikopa ninu ere-ije iyara ti awọn ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ iṣelọpọ, eyiti eyiti ọpọlọpọ waye lori awọn orin Yuroopu.
